{"id":11315,"date":"2022-02-06T10:15:30","date_gmt":"2022-02-06T10:15:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/summitinterconnect.ca\/blog\/article\/abrogeons-la-loi-dohm\/"},"modified":"2025-12-17T10:49:08","modified_gmt":"2025-12-17T10:49:08","slug":"repeal-ohms-law","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/summitinterconnect.ca\/fr\/blog\/article\/repeal-ohms-law\/","title":{"rendered":"Abrogeons la loi d'Ohm !"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Une approche quantitative de la r\u00e9sistance<\/h2>\n<h3>Le galvanom\u00e8tre<\/h3>\n<p>En 1820, Hans Christian Oersted et Andr\u00e9-Marie Amp\u00e8re ont d\u00e9couvert qu\u2019un courant circulant dans un fil produisait un couple sur une aiguille de boussole dans une direction perpendiculaire au courant. Cette d\u00e9couverte a conduit \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation du galvanom\u00e8tre tangentiel non \u00e9talonn\u00e9.<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a><a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a> Ces dispositifs utilisent un courant pour d\u00e9placer une aiguille aimant\u00e9e en pr\u00e9sence du champ magn\u00e9tique terrestre. Malheureusement, chaque instrument avait une constante d'\u00e9talonnage inconnue en raison de la variabilit\u00e9 et de l\u2019orientation du champ magn\u00e9tique terrestre \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 du lieu de test.<\/p>\n<h3>Une source de diff\u00e9rence de potentiel constante<\/h3>\n<p>Deux ans plus tard, Thomas Seebeck a d\u00e9couvert que deux m\u00e9taux dissemblables, dont les jonctions sont maintenues \u00e0 deux temp\u00e9ratures diff\u00e9rentes, provoquaient une d\u00e9viation de l\u2019aiguille d\u2019une boussole plac\u00e9e \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 d\u2019un fil. Seebeck a attribu\u00e9 ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne au magn\u00e9tisme, mais d\u2019autres scientifiques de l\u2019\u00e9poque pensaient qu\u2019il g\u00e9n\u00e9rait une tension.<a href=\"#_ftn3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a> Cet effet thermo\u00e9lectrique permettait de produire de mani\u00e8re fiable une source de diff\u00e9rence de potentiel constante, chose que les piles volta\u00efques de l\u2019\u00e9poque ne pouvaient pas r\u00e9aliser.<\/p><figure class=\"img-caption\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"img-caption__img\" src=\"https:\/\/summitinterconnect.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Thermoelectric-Effect.png\" alt=\"\"><figcaption class=\"img-caption__caption\">Thomas Seebeck a d\u00e9couvert qu&#039;il \u00e9tait possible de g\u00e9n\u00e9rer une force \u00e9lectromotrice en pla\u00e7ant les connexions de m\u00e9taux diff\u00e9rents dans des bains \u00e0 des temp\u00e9ratures diff\u00e9rentes. Aujourd&#039;hui, on appelle cela l&#039;effet thermo\u00e9lectrique. <\/figcaption><\/figure><p>En 1825, un demi-si\u00e8cle apr\u00e8s que Cavendish eut r\u00e9alis\u00e9 ses exp\u00e9riences inconnues et rudimentaires, et avec deux nouveaux outils en main, Georg Ohm utilisa le thermocouple et un galvanom\u00e8tre pour d\u00e9terminer quantitativement la relation entre le couple sur le galvanom\u00e8tre et la longueur d'un fil de connexion. L'\u00e9quation suivante est le r\u00e9sultat de l'exp\u00e9rience d'Ohm. <\/p><figure class=\"img-caption\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"img-caption__img\" src=\"https:\/\/summitinterconnect.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Torque-Equation.png\" alt=\"\"><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Une approche quantitative de la r\u00e9sistance Le galvanom\u00e8tre En 1820, Hans Christian Oersted et Andr\u00e9-Marie Amp\u00e8re ont d\u00e9couvert qu\u2019un courant circulant dans un fil produisait un couple sur une aiguille de boussole dans une direction perpendiculaire au courant. Cette d\u00e9couverte a conduit \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation du galvanom\u00e8tre tangentiel non \u00e9talonn\u00e9.[1][2] Ces dispositifs utilisent un courant [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11315","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-theorie"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Abrogeons la loi d&#039;Ohm ! - Summit Interconnect CA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Summit Interconnect, une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de fabrication de circuits imprim\u00e9s, explique le concept de la loi d&#039;Ohm et les applications des processus de fabrication de circuits imprim\u00e9s \u00e0 rotation rapide.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/summitinterconnect.ca\/fr\/blog\/article\/repeal-ohms-law\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Abrogeons la loi d&#039;Ohm ! 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